maanantai 6. toukokuuta 2019

Car charger (bigger one)


If you are planning on owning an PHEV (plug-in hybrid electric vehicle) or full EV (electric vehicle), you would be absolutely insane to even think of using public charger network, as they're very expensive compared to electricity price you're normally paying. This with some notable exceptions,like Teslas with free supercharger usage.

This is with mainly Finnish focus, but might apply elsewhere too. The electric grid is primarily 3-phase, nominal 230v. Typically normal single-family home receives all three phases, each phase with single "top-level" fuse, typically 25 amps, and within the home all three phases are distributed in a way that this current is not exceeded in any single phase. So for example washing machine and drier, each that can use 16 amps, are placed in different phases.

At home you wouldn't likely be using high-power charger, but instead 2.2 (10-amp) or 3.6kW (16-amp) charger. But there's a problem there: you don't want to overload the main fuses with new high load, so careful planning will be needed.

You can of course switch to larger main fuses (like 3x32A or even higher), but that will increase the electric bill even if you don't use the increased capacity so you don't typically want to go there.

In my case I wanted to install 3.6kW charger, so I had to calculate very carefully how the current wiring in the house goes and what is the expected maximum load of each phase. Fortunately fuse box is very well marked, so it was easy to calculate loads involved in each phase.

As it turned out, stove, sauna and washing/drying machines were the main loads. Phases 2 and 3 were essentially topped out (couldn't use drier when charging the car - not great), but with some care phase 1 could be utilized without too much worry of an overload - especially if charging is timed to happen mostly at nights when other usage is low, so when we got charger installed, I timed car to charge only between 22-07 hours.

Figuring these things out is a bit of an headache, but needs to be done to get things working. And at this point I'm just too fond of electric driving, I wouldn't want to go back to archaic combustion engines.



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